Windows Logon Types

A Logon Type in Windows identifies how a user or process authenticated to the system.
When authentication occurs, Windows records the event in the Security Event Log, assigning a numeric logon type.

Logon Type 0 – System

Description

  • Used internally by the operating system
  • Not associated with a real user login
  • Represents system startup or internal authentication

Characteristics

  • No user interaction
  • Generated by kernel or core services
  • Rarely seen in normal auditing

Security Context

  • Not malicious
  • Ignore unless paired with anomalies

Example

  • System boot
  • OS maintenance operations

Logon Type 2 – Interactive

Description

A user logs on directly at the computer console.

Examples

  • Keyboard login
  • Touchscreen login
  • Smart card at physical machine

Key Details

  • Requires physical or virtual console access
  • Generates a desktop session

Security Use

  • Track physical access
  • Detect unauthorized local access

Risk

  • Medium
  • Dangerous if unexpected on servers

Logon Type 3 – Network

Description

Occurs when a user accesses a system over the network, without creating a desktop session.

Common Scenarios

  • Accessing:
    • File shares (SMB)
    • Printers
    • IIS
    • SQL Server
  • PowerShell remoting
  • Mapping network drives

Key Detail

  • No interactive shell
  • Very common on servers

Security Risk

  • High
  • Frequently used in:
    • Lateral movement
    • Pass-the-Hash attacks
    • Credential theft

SOC Tip

Excessive Logon Type 3 from workstations to servers is suspicious.


Logon Type 4 – Batch

Description

Used by scheduled tasks and batch jobs.

Examples

  • Task Scheduler jobs
  • Backup scripts
  • Maintenance automation

Key Detail

  • No user interaction
  • Executed automatically

Security Risk

  • Medium
  • Malicious persistence often uses scheduled tasks

Detection Tip

  • New or modified scheduled tasks + Logon Type 4 = red flag

Logon Type 5 – Service

Description

Used when a Windows service starts under a service account.

Examples

  • SQL Server service
  • IIS
  • Antivirus engines
  • Domain services

Characteristics

  • Happens at boot or service restart
  • Usually SYSTEM or service accounts

Security Risk

  • Medium
  • Attackers may:
    • Create malicious services
    • Abuse service accounts

Blue Team Note

Monitor for:

  • New services
  • Service accounts with high privileges

Logon Type 7 – Unlock

Description

Occurs when a locked workstation is unlocked.

Key Points

  • Same user
  • No credential revalidation in most cases

Example

  • User presses Ctrl + Alt + Del
  • Laptop unlock after inactivity

Security Risk

  • Low
  • Useful for tracking session activity

Logon Type 8 – NetworkCleartext

Description

Network authentication using cleartext credentials.

Common Causes

  • Basic authentication
  • Legacy protocols
  • FTP
  • Old IIS configurations

Why It’s Dangerous

  • Password can be exposed
  • Vulnerable to sniffing

Security Risk

  • High
  • Strong indicator of weak security posture

Action Required

  • Disable cleartext auth
  • Enforce Kerberos or NTLMv2

Logon Type 9 – NewCredentials

Description

Occurs when a user runs a process using alternate credentials, without logging out.

Example

runas /netonly /user:DOMAIN\Admin cmd.exe

Key Detail

  • Original user remains logged in
  • New credentials used only for network access

Security Risk

  • Medium
  • Often used legitimately by admins
  • Also abused by attackers

Detection Tip

  • Combine with suspicious command execution

Logon Type 10 – RemoteInteractive

Description

Remote login using Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP).

Examples

  • RDP from workstation
  • Jump server access
  • Admin remote management

Key Details

  • Creates full desktop session
  • User is physically remote

Security Risk

  • High
  • Most common attack vector:
    • Brute force
    • Credential stuffing
    • Ransomware entry

SOC Monitoring

  • Monitor:
    • Failed 4625 events
    • Geo-location anomalies
    • After-hours logins

Logon Type 11 – CachedInteractive

Description

Login using cached credentials when domain controller is unavailable.

Example

  • Laptop login offline
  • VPN down

Key Detail

  • Credentials validated locally
  • Limited access until DC available

Security Risk

  • Medium
  • Useful for forensic timelines

Logon Type 12 – CachedRemoteInteractive

Description

Cached credentials used for remote interactive login.

Notes

  • Rare
  • Seen in special RDP or laptop scenarios

Risk

  • Medium
  • Treat similarly to Logon Type 10

Logon Type 13 – CachedUnlock

Description

Unlocking a workstation using cached credentials.

Scenario

  • Laptop unlock while offline

Security Risk

  • Low

Complete Logon Type Table

Logon TypeNameDescriptionCommon Use CaseRisk Level
0SystemUsed internally by WindowsOS processesLow
2InteractiveLocal console loginPhysical loginMedium
3NetworkAccess via networkFile shares, SMBHigh
4BatchScheduled tasksAutomationMedium
5ServiceService account logonWindows servicesMedium
7UnlockUnlocking workstationUser unlocks PCLow
8NetworkCleartextCleartext auth over networkLegacy authHigh
9NewCredentialsRunAs / secondary credentialsAdmin tasksMedium
10RemoteInteractiveRDP loginRemote DesktopHigh
11CachedInteractiveCached credentialsOffline loginMedium
12CachedRemoteInteractiveCached RDP loginRareMedium
13CachedUnlockCached unlockLaptop unlockLow